In lime-soda ash softening, what are used to help gather the fine calcium and magnesium precipitates into particles that will readily settle?

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Multiple Choice

In lime-soda ash softening, what are used to help gather the fine calcium and magnesium precipitates into particles that will readily settle?

Explanation:
In lime-soda ash softening, the hardness-causing ions (calcium and magnesium) are removed by forming very fine precipitates. These tiny solids don’t settle well on their own, so a coagulant is added to help them come together into larger, settleable particles. The coagulant neutralizes charges and promotes aggregation of the fine precipitates into larger flocs that will settle in a sedimentation basin. So the combination of coagulants acting on the fine calcium and magnesium precipitates is what enables efficient settling.

In lime-soda ash softening, the hardness-causing ions (calcium and magnesium) are removed by forming very fine precipitates. These tiny solids don’t settle well on their own, so a coagulant is added to help them come together into larger, settleable particles. The coagulant neutralizes charges and promotes aggregation of the fine precipitates into larger flocs that will settle in a sedimentation basin. So the combination of coagulants acting on the fine calcium and magnesium precipitates is what enables efficient settling.

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