Which genus has killed the most people because of its high mortality rate when contracted?

• A. Shigella
• B. Vibrio
• C. Entamoeba
• D. Cryptosporidium

Answer: (B)

The main idea here is how deadly a pathogen can be on a global scale, especially through large outbreaks. Vibrio cholerae, the cause of cholera, leads to very rapid fluid and electrolyte loss via profuse watery stools. Without quick rehydration and supportive care, dehydration can progress to shock and death in a short time. Historically, cholera pandemics caused enormous numbers of deaths worldwide, more than other pathogens in this list, which is why this genus is associated with the highest mortality when contracted. Today, proper water, sanitation, and prompt rehydration therapy dramatically lower the fatality rate, but the historical impact was immense. The other organisms can cause severe disease, but their overall death tolls have not reached cholera’s scale during major outbreaks.